Colon Cancer

Ah, ha, ha, ha, stayin' alive.

Love this!  Due to early screening, treatment and prevention, along with the decrease in smoking, cancer deaths have dropped 20% over the past 20 years. According to Ahmedin Jemal of the American Cancer Society, the most progress has been made in colon, breast and prostate cancer.

The report estimates that in 2014, "about 1,600 people will die from cancer each day." Additionally, "lung, colon, prostate and breast cancers are the most common causes of cancer death."  This is important to REMEMBER because these account for, "almost half of the all cancer deaths...just over one in four cancer deaths is from lung cancer," the researchers noted in the same report.

Friends and family, let's start this new year right.  SCREENING + TREATMENT = PREVENTION.

I got you!

Dr. Dale, Colon Globe Winning (something like that)

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http://consumer.healthday.com/cancer-information-5/breast-cancer-news-94/u-s-cancer-deaths-decline-again-report-683602.html

U.S. Cancer Deaths Decline Again: Report

Better prevention, screening and treatment are keys to continued progress, experts say

By Steven Reinberg HealthDay Reporter

TUESDAY, Jan. 7, 2014 (HealthDay News) -- The rate of cancer deaths among Americans continues to decline, according to a new report. Over the last 20 years, the overall risk of dying from cancer has dropped 20 percent, researchers found.

The fastest decline in cancer death risk has been among middle-aged black men, for whom death rates have dropped by about 50 percent, the study authors report.

"We continue to make progress against cancer," said report co-author Ahmedin Jemal, vice president for surveillance and health services research at the American Cancer Society.

But despite this progress, black men still have the highest cancer incidence and death rates of all groups -- about double those for Asian Americans, who have the lowest rates, the authors pointed out in a news release from the American Cancer Society.

The decline in cancer deaths from 1991 to 2010 varied by age, race and sex, researchers found. For example, there was no decline in deaths for white women 80 and older, but a 55 percent decline among black men aged 40 to 49 years old.

This progress is largely because of better prevention, screening and treatment, Jemal said. The dramatic decline in cancer among black men is most likely attributable to decreases in smoking, he added.

Jemal said most of the progress has been made in colon, breast and prostate cancer. These cancers can be screened for and, when caught early, have better outcomes, he said.

In addition, decreased smoking has reduced the number of lung cancers, Jemal said.

But some cancers, such as pancreatic cancer, for which there is no screening and for which treatment often comes too late, remain just as deadly, he said.

Jemal, however, expects a brighter future as screening increases as more Americans get access to health insurance through the Affordable Care Act. Not having insurance is the biggest barrier to screening, he explained.

Still, more needs to be done to close the improvement gap between races, an expert said.

"The halving of the risk of cancer death among middle-aged black men in just two decades is extraordinary, but it is immediately tempered by the knowledge that death rates are still higher among black men than white men for nearly every major cancer and for all cancers combined," John Seffrin, chief executive officer of the American Cancer Society, said in a society news release.

The report was published Jan. 7 in CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians.

Dr. Anthony D'Amico, chief of radiation oncology at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, said, "The good news is that the rate of deaths has declined again for almost the 10th consecutive year."

D'Amico also believes that these declines are the result of better screening, especially screening for prostate cancer. In addition, new treatments are reducing deaths, he said.

"Something good is happening and I would attribute that to screening and better treatments," D'Amico said. "We have better treatments for men and women, so screening can only help," he added.

In 2014, it's estimated there will be over 1.6 million new cancer cases and nearly 586,000 cancer deaths in the United States, according to the report. Although the number of new cancers and cancer deaths continues to increase as the population increases and ages, the rate of new cancers and cancer deaths is declining, Jemal explained.

For men, prostate, lung and colon cancer will make up half of all newly diagnosed cancers. Prostate cancer alone will account for about one-quarter of the cases, the researchers estimate.

Among women, the most common cancers will be breast, lung and colon cancer. Taken together, these will account for half of all cases. Breast cancer alone is estimated to account for 29 percent of all new cancers.

In 2014, about 1,600 people will die from cancer each day, the report estimates. Lung, colon, prostate and breast cancers are the most common causes of cancer death. These account for almost half of the all cancer deaths. Just over one in four cancer deaths is from lung cancer, the researchers noted.

From 2006 to 2010, cancer rates dropped 0.6 percent per year among men while remaining stable among women. During the same time, death rates from cancer dropped by 1.8 percent per year among men and 1.4 percent per year among women, the investigators found.

Moreover, during the last 20 years, the death rate from cancer has continued to drop from a high of about 215 per 100,000 people to about 172 per 100,000 people in 2010. This means that 1,340,400 fewer cancer deaths (952,700 among men and 387,700 among women) were avoided during that time period, the researchers explained.

More information

For more facts on cancer, visit the American Cancer Society.

SOURCES: Ahmedin Jemal, Ph.D., vice president, surveillance and health services research, American Cancer Society; Anthony D'Amico, M.D., Ph.D., chief, radiation oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston; American Cancer Society, news release, Jan. 7, 2014; Jan. 7, 2014, CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians

Last Updated: Jan. 07, 2014

Copyright © 2014 HealthDay. All rights reserved.

For the sake of good breath... and colon cancer!

Friends, if bad breath isn't enough to keep you brushing at least twice a day, here's another reason. -- Dr. Dale

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Colon Cancer Linked to Mouth Infection?

http://www.webmd.com/colorectal-cancer/news/20130814/colon-cancer-linked-to-mouth-infection-gum-disease

WEDNESDAY, Aug. 14 (HealthDay News) -- An infection from a common type of mouth bacteria can contribute to colorectal cancer, a new study suggests.

The bacteria, called Fusobacterium nucleatum, can attach to colon cells and trigger a sequence of changes that can lead to colon cancer, according to the team at Case Western Reserve University School of Dental Medicine.

The researchers also found a way to prevent the bacteria from attaching to colon cells.

"This discovery creates the potential for new diagnostic tools and therapies to treat and prevent the cancer," lead investigator Yiping Han said in a university news release.

The findings show the importance of good oral health, said Han, a professor of periodontics. She noted that levels of F. nucleatum are much higher in people with gum disease.

Although the study found a possible association between oral infection and colon cancer, it did not prove a cause-and-effect relationship.

The study was published in the journal Cell Host & Microbe, which also contained another study from a different research group showing how F. nucleatum can speed the accumulation of cancer cells.

 

 

Scientists learn how soy foods protect against colon cancer.

All this bad talk about soy.  Now something good?  And it has to do with Colon Cancer!  Great studies coming out of University of Illinois. -- Dr. Dale

Scientists learn how soy foods protect against colon cancer

http://news.aces.illinois.edu/news/scientists-learn-how-soy-foods-protect-against-colon-cancer

URBANA, Ill. – University of Illinois scientists have evidence that lifelong exposure to genistein, a bioactive component in soy foods, protects against colon cancer by repressing a signal that leads to accelerated growth of cells, polyps, and eventually malignant tumors.

“In our study, we report a change in the expression of three genes that control an important signaling pathway,” said Hong Chen, a U of I professor of food science and human nutrition.

The cells in the lining of the human gut turn over and are completely replaced weekly, she noted. “However, in 90 percent of colon cancer patients, an important growth-promoting signal is always on, leading to uncontrolled growth and malignancies. Our study suggests that the aberrant Wnt signaling during the development of colon cancer can be regulated by soy-rich diets.”

“The good news is that a diet rich in soy genistein represses those signals through epigenetic modifications at the regulatory regions of those genes,” said Yukun Zhang, a doctoral student in Chen’s laboratory.

Chronic exposure to genistein, a soy isoflavone, reduced the number of pre-cancerous lesions in the colons of laboratory rats exposed to a carcinogen by 40 percent and reduced Wnt signaling to normal levels, she said.

In their study, the scientists modeled lifetime exposure to soy by feeding pregnant rats and their offspring a diet containing soy protein isolate and a diet that contained genistein compound.  At seven weeks of age, offspring rats were exposed to a carcinogen, and they continued eating either the soy protein or the genistein diet until they were 13 weeks old.

At that time, the researchers inspected the colons of rats in both soy groups and compared them to rats in a control group, noting the number and severity of tiny abnormal growths in each. They also compared Wnt signaling before and after the carcinogen to see whether either diet had any effect on its upregulation.

In the genistein-fed animals, signaling levels were similar to rats that had not received the carcinogen.

"Genistein decreased the expression of three genes and repressed this signaling process that is associated with abnormal cell growth and cancer development,” Chen said.

She said this shows that colon cancer is an epigenetic disease, meaning that dietary and environmental factors can influence genes to be switched on or off so you have a different pattern of gene expression, leading to a change in disease susceptibility.

It has long been known that immigrants from Asia—where soy is traditionally a food staple—experience rising levels of colon cancer as they adopt the eating habits of the Western nations they now call home, she said.

“The genetic information you inherit from your parents is not the whole story. Our dietary choices, our exposure to environmental toxins, even our stress levels, affect the expression of those genes,” she said.

DNA methylation and histone modification of Wnt genes by genistein during colon cancer development will appear in an upcoming issue of Carcinogenesis and is available pre-publication online at http://carcin.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/05/22/carcin.bgt129.abstract?sid=2c12c8c0-8bdc-43f3-9313-9c0e812b9256 .

Yukun Zhang, Qian Li, and Hong Chen, all of the U of I, are co-authors. The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health, U of I Research Board, and the Illinois Soybean Association.